the fall of plevna.
the events which followed the massacre in the bulgarian village remain in my mind, and ever must remain as a confused dream, for i was smitten that night with a fever, during the course of which—part of it at least—i was either delirious or utterly prostrate.
and who can tell, save those who have passed through a similar condition, the agonies which i endured, and the amazing fancies by which i was assailed at that time! of course i knew not where i was, and i cared not. my unbridled fancy led me everywhere. sometimes i was in a bed, sometimes on horseback; now in hospital attending wounded people, most of whom i noticed were women or little children; then on a battle-field, cheering the combatants with all my power, or joining them, but, when i chanced to join them, it was never for the purpose of taking, but of saving life. often i was visited by good spirits, and also by bad. one of these latter, a little one, made a deep impression on me. his particular mission seemed to lie in his power to present before me, within a flaming frame, pictures of whatever i wished to behold. he was wonderfully tractable at first, and showed me whatever i asked for,—my mother, bella, nicholas, and many of my friends,—but by degrees he insisted on showing what i did not wish to see, and among these latter pictures were fearful massacres, and scenes of torture and bloodshed. i have a faint recollection of being carried somewhere in a jolting wagon, of suffering from burning thirst which no one seemed to care to relieve, of frequent abrupt stoppages, while shouts, shrieks, and imprecations filled my ears; but whether these things were realities or fancies, or a mingling of both, i cannot tell, for assuredly the bad spirit never once succeeded in showing me any picture half so terrible as those realities of war which i had already beheld.
one day i felt a peculiar sensation. it seemed to me that my intellectual faculties became more active, while those of my body appeared to sink.
“come,” said i to the demon who had wearied me so much; “come, you troublesome little devil, and show me my man lancey. i can see better than usual; present him!”
immediately lancey stood by my side. he looked wonderfully real, and i noticed that the fiery frame was not round him as it used to be. a moment later, the pretty face of ivanka also glided into the picture.
“hallo!” i exclaimed, “i didn’t ask you to send her here. why don’t you wait for orders—eh?”
at this lancey gently pushed ivanka away.
“no, don’t do that,” i cried hastily; “i didn’t mean that; order her back again—do you hear?”
lancey appeared to beckon, and she returned. she was weeping quietly.
“why do you weep, dear?” i asked in russian.
“oh! you have been so ill,” she replied, with an anxious look and a sob.
“so, then,” i said, looking at lancey in surprise, “you are not delusions!”
“no, sir, we ain’t; but i sometimes fancy that everythink in life is delusions since we comed to this ’orrible land.”
i looked hard at ivanka and lancey again for some moments, then at the bed on which i lay. then a listless feeling came over me, and my eyes wandered lazily round the chamber, which was decidedly eastern in its appearance. through a window at the farther end i could see a garden. the sun was shining brightly on autumnal foliage, amidst which a tall and singular-looking man walked slowly to and fro. he was clad in flowing robes, with a red fez on his head which was counterbalanced by a huge red beard.
“at all events he must be a delusion,” said i, pointing with a hitch of my nose to the man in question.
“no, sir, ’e ain’t; wery much the rewerse.—but you mustn’t speak, sir; the doctor said we was on no account to talk to you.”
“but just tell me who he is,” i pleaded earnestly; “i can’t rest unless i know.”
“well, sir, i s’pose it won’t do no ’arm to tell you that ’e’s a pasha—sanda pasha by name—a hold and hintimate friend of mine,—the scotch boy, you know, that i used to tell you about. we are livin’ in one of ’is willas. ’e’s in disgrace, is sanda pasha, just now, an’ superseded. the day you was took bad, sir, russians came into the willage, an’ w’en i come back i found ’em swarmin’ in the ’ouses an’ loop-’oling the walls for defence, but sanda pasha came down on ’em with a harmy of turks an’ drove ’em out. ’e’s bin a-lickin’ of ’em all up an’ down the country ever since, but the other pashas they got jealous of ’im, specially since ’e’s not a real turk born, an’ the first rewerse that come to ’im—as it will come to every one now an’ again, sir—they left ’im in a fix instead of sending ’im reinforcements, so ’e was forced to retreat, an’ the sultan recalled ’im. it do seem to me that the turkish government don’t know good men when they’ve got ’em; an’, what’s more, don’t deserve to ’ave ’em. but long before these things ’appened, w’en ’e found that you was my master an’ ivanka our friend, ’e sent us to the rear with a strong guard, an’ ’ere we are now in one of ’is willas, in what part o’ the land is more than i can tell—near gallipopolly, or somethink like that, i believe.”
“so, then, we are prisoners?” said i.
“well, i s’pose we are, sir, or somethink o’ the sort, but, bless your ’art, sir, it’s of no manner of consiquence. we are treated like princes and live like fighting-cocks.—but you mustn’t talk, sir, you mustn’t indeed, for the doctor gave strict orders that we was to keep you quiet.”
lancey’s communications were of so surprising a nature, so varied and so suggestive, that my mind was overwhelmed in the mere attempt to recall what he had said; in another moment i had forgotten all, and dropped into a deep, dreamless, refreshing slumber.
during the period that i was thus fighting, as it were, with death—in which fight, through god’s blessing, i finally gained the victory—the fight between the russians and the turks had progressed apace; victory leaning now to the former, now to the latter. many bloody engagements had taken place on the plains of bulgaria and among the balkan mountains, while osman pasha had carried on for some time that celebrated defence of plevna which afterwards carried him to the front rank of the turkish generals, and raised him, in the world’s estimation, above them all. everywhere breech-loading weapons, torpedoes, telegraphs, monster cannon, and novel appliances of modern warfare, had proved that where hundreds fell in the days of our fathers, thousands fall in our own—that the bloody game is immensely more expensive and deadly than it used to be, and that if war was folly before, it is sheer madness now.
the first great attack had been made on the redoubts in front of plevna, and in assaulting one of these poor dobri petroff distinguished himself so highly for desperate, reckless courage, that he drew the special attention of general skobeleff, who sent for him, probably to offer him some appointment, but whatever it might be the scout declined promotion or reward. his object was to seek what he styled honourable death in the front of battle. strange to say, he led a sort of charmed life, and the more he sought death the more it appeared to avoid him. somewhat like skobeleff himself, he stood unhurt, many a time, when balls were whistling round him like hail, and comrades were mown down in ranks and heaps around him.
in all armies there are men who act with heroic valour and desperate daring. some are urged thereto by calm contempt of danger, coupled with a strong sense of duty. it was something like this, probably, that induced skobeleff to expose himself so recklessly on almost all occasions. it was simply despair, coupled with natural lion-like courage, that influenced the wretched scout.
nicholas naranovitsch had also acquired a name among his fellows for that grand sweeping fervour in attack which we are wont to associate with the heroes and demigods of ancient story. but nicholas’s motive was a compound of great physical strength, hot-blooded youth, and a burning desire to win distinction in the path of duty.
one consequence of the scout’s return to headquarters was that he frequently met nicholas, and felt an intense drawing towards him as being one who had shown him sympathy and kindness in that home which was now gone for ever. deep was the feeling of pity which nicholas felt when the scout told him, in a few sternly-uttered sentences, what had occurred at venilik; and when dobri expressed a desire to attach himself to nicholas as his servant, the latter was only too glad to agree. each knew the other well by report, and felt that the connection would be mutually agreeable.
at last one of the greatest events of the war approached. plevna had been so closely hemmed in by russian troops, and cut off from supplies, that the garrison was reduced to starvation. in this extremity, as is well known, osman pasha resolved on the desperate attempt to cut his way out of the beleaguered position.
snow had fallen heavily, and the ground was white with it—so were the huts of the russian soldiers, who, welcoming the snowfall as a familiar reminiscence of home, went about cooking their food and singing joyously. the houses of plevna, with blue lines of smoke curling above them, were faintly visible through the driving snow. now and then the sullen boom of a great gun told of the fell work that the forces had assembled there to execute.
“we are ordered to the front to-night, dobri,” said nicholas, as he entered his tent hurriedly, unbuckled his sword, and sat down to a hasty meal. “our spies have brought information that osman means to play his last card. our field telegraphs have spread the news. we even know the particular point where the attempt to cut through our lines is to be made. the troops are concentrating. i have obtained leave to join the advance columns. just see that my revolvers are in order, and look to your own. come after that and feed. without food a man can do nothing.”
the scout made no reply. ever since the terrible calamity that had befallen him he had been a taciturn semi-maniac, but there was a glitter in his black eye that told of latent fires and deadly purpose within.
during the night another spy came in, reporting that osman was concentrating his men near the bridge over the vid, and that he had issued three days’ rations to the troops, with a hundred and fifty cartridges and a new pair of sandals to each man. about the same time there came a telegram to the effect that lights were moving about with unwonted activity in plevna, and something unusual was evidently afoot. thus the report of the first spy was partly corroborated.
meanwhile nicholas and dobri petroff, mounting in the dark hours of morning, rode through the snowstorm—which was gradually abating—in the direction of the bridge over the vid, while skobeleff himself proceeded towards the krishina redoubts, which, it was reported, were being abandoned. the report was true; he took possession of these redoubts unopposed, and instantly put them in a state of defence.
meanwhile osman, with his brave but worn-out band, made his last sortie from plevna.
the grey light of a dull wintry morning broke and revealed masses, like darker clouds of the threatening storm, driving across the plain. these were the ottoman troops—some say 20,000 men—rushing like baited tigers towards the trenches. suddenly there came the thunderous roar of a hundred heavy guns, followed by the crash and incessant rattle of the rifles. the deciding battle had begun. the mists of early morning mingled with the smoke of fire-arms, so that the movements of men were not visible in many places. in others a few fighting companies were just visible, showing indistinctly through the haze for a minute or two, while sheets of flame played in front of their rifles like trickling lines of electric light. elsewhere, from the cliffs above the vid, globes of fire were seen to rend the mists, as cannon played their part in the deadly game, while the fearful cries of maddened and wounded men mingled with the crashing of artillery. here and there numerous bullock-wagons were seen rolling slowly along, and horses and cattle were galloping wildly about the plain. it was a scene that might have made the flesh of the most callous people creep with pitying horror.
advancing as far as possible under cover of their bullock-wagons, the turks began to play their part with vigour, but the russians opened on them from one of their batteries with shell and shrapnel, whilst the men in the trenches sent a rain of bullets from their berdan breech-loaders. the terrified oxen, tearing about madly, or falling, soon rendered the wagon-cover useless. then the turks forsook it, and, with a wild shout, charged the first line of trenches. these were held by a siberian regiment. the turks swept over them like a tornado, poured into the battery, where the artillerymen, who stood to their guns like heroes, were bayoneted almost to a man. thus the first investing circle was broken, but here ottoman courage was met by irresistible force, and valour quite equal to its own, and here the tide of battle turned.
nicholas naranovitsch, despatched by general strukoff, galloped towards the scene of action.
“come, dobri!” he cried, with blazing eyes that told of excitement almost too strong to be mastered, “there is work for you and me now.”
petroff, mounted and ready, awaiting the orders of his master, sprang out at the summons from a troop of the first brigade of grenadiers, who were at she moment preparing to advance. they dashed forward. an order had been intrusted to nicholas, but he never delivered it. he was met by advancing hosts of the enemy. he turned aside, intending to execute his mission, if possible, by a détour. in this effort he was caught up, as it were, and carried on by the russian grenadiers, who flung themselves on the turks with irresistible fury. in another moment his horse fell under him. dobri instantly dismounted, but the horse which he meant to offer to his master also fell, and the two were carried onward. the opposing forces met. a hand-to-hand fight ensued—man to man, bayonet to bayonet. the turks clung to the guns in the captured battery with obstinate bravery. nicholas and dobri having both broken their sabres at the first onset, seized the rifles of fallen men and laid about them with a degree of overpowering energy, which, conserved and expended rightly for the good of man, might have made each a noted benefactor of the human race, but which, in this instance, resulted only in the crushing in of a few dozen turkish skulls!
gradually the stabbing and smashing of “god’s image,” on the part of the russians, began to tell. the turks gave way, and finally took to flight.
but shortly before this occurred there was a desperate effort made by a handful of turks to retrieve the fortunes of the day. it was personally led by sanda pasha, who, reinstated by the vacillating and contemptible powers at constantinople, had been sent—too late—to the relief of plevna.
at the first rush the pasha fell. he was only wounded, but his followers thought he was killed, and, stung with rage and despair, fought like fiends to avenge him. at that moment the russian general rode up to a neighbouring eminence and had his attention drawn to this point in the battle.
he ordered up reinforcements. nicholas and his man now seemed on the point of having their wishes gratified. poor petroff’s desire to meet an honourable death had every chance of being realised, while the thirst for military distinction in nicholas had at last a brilliant opportunity of being quenched.
as the fight in this part of that bloody field progressed, it concentrated into a knot around the two heroes. just then a fresh body of turkish infantry charged, led by the nubian, hamed pasha, whose horse had been killed under him. dobri petroff and hamed rushed at one another instantly; each seemed at once to recognise the other as a worthy foeman. the great hacked sword whistled for a few minutes round the scout’s head so fast that it required his utmost agility to parry cut and thrust with his rifle, but a favourable chance soon offered, and he swung the stock of his piece at his adversary’s head with such force as to break the sword short off at the hilt. the nubian sprang at dobri like a tiger. they grappled, and these men of herculean mould were so well matched that for a few seconds they stood quivering with mighty but fruitless efforts to bear each other down. it was at this moment that the russian reinforcements came up, fired a volley, and charged. dobri and hamed dropped side by side, pierced with bullets. nicholas also fell. the raging hosts passed over them, and the turks were driven over the plain like autumn leaves before the gale.
immediately after, a battery of horse artillery swept across the hotly-contested ground, the wheels of the heavy ordnance and the hoofs of the half-mad horses crashing over the heads said limbs of all who chanced to lie in their way.
oh! it is bitter to reflect on the grand courage that is mis-displayed in the accursed service of war! beaten, overwhelmed, crushed, all but annihilated, the poor peasant-soldiers of turkey, who probably knew nothing whatever about the cause for which they fought, took shelter at last behind the broken wagons under which they had advanced, and then turned at bay. others made for the deep banks of the vid, where they re-formed, and instantly began to return the russian fire.
the sortie was now virtually repulsed. it was about half-past eight. the turks, evidently apprehensive that the enemy would charge and drive them back into the gorge which led to plevna, remained on the defensive. the russians, obviously afraid lest the enemy should attempt another sortie, also remained on the defensive. for four hours they continued in this condition, “during which period the battle raged,” it was said, “with the utmost fury,” but it is also admitted that very little damage was done to either side, “for both armies were under cover!” in other words, the belligerents remained for four hours in the condition of a couple of angry costermongers, hooting and howling at each other without coming to blows, while shot and shell and powder and lead were being expended for nothing, at a rate which added thousands sterling to the burdens of the peace-loving members of both countries!
“about twelve o’clock,” according to an eye-witness, “the firing began to diminish on both sides, as if by mutual agreement.”
i have a very thorough appreciation of this idea of “mutual agreement.” it is well known among schoolboys. when two of these specimens of the rising generation have been smashing each other’s faces, blackening each other’s eyes, and bleeding each other’s noses for three-quarters of an hour, without having decided a victory, they both feel a strong desire to stop, are ready to “give in,” and, on the smallest encouragement from “seconds,” will shake hands. indeed, this well-known and somewhat contemptible state of mind is familiar to a larger growth of boys—happily not in england—called duellists. we deliberately call the state of mind “contemptible,” because, if a matter is worth fighting for (physically), it ought to be fought for to the “bitter end.” if it is not worth fighting for, there should be no fighting at all!
however, as i have said, the fire began to slacken about mid-day, and then gradually ceased. the silence that succeeded was deeply impressive—also suggestive. half-an-hour later a white flag was seen waving from the road that ran round the cliffs beyond the bridge.
plevna had fallen. osman pasha and his army had surrendered. in other words—the fate of the turkish empire was sealed!
