alexander in phrygia and pisidia.

the greater part of aspendus had been built upon a strong and precipitous rock, at the very foot of which flows the river eurymedon189; but round the rock, on the low ground, were many of the citizens’ houses, surrounded by a small wall. as soon as they ascertained that alexander was approaching, the inhabitants deserted the wall and the houses situated on the low ground, which they thought they were unable to protect; and they fled in a body to the rock. when he arrived with his forces, he passed within the deserted wall and 73took up his quarters in the houses which had been abandoned by the aspendians. when these saw that alexander himself had come, contrary to their expectation, and that his camp was encircling them on all sides, they sent envoys to him, entreating him to form an agreement with them on the former terms. alexander, considering the strength of the place, and how unprepared he was to undertake a long siege, entered into an agreement with them, though not on the same terms as before. for he ordered them to give him their most influential men as hostages, to hand over the horses which they had formerly agreed to give him, to pay 100 talents instead of fifty, to obey the viceroy appointed by him, and to pay an annual tribute to the macedonians. moreover he directed an inquiry to be held about the land which they were accused of holding by force, though it belonged of right to their neighbours.

when all these concessions had been made to him, he marched away to perga, and thence set out for phrygia, his route leading him past the city of termessus. the people of this city are foreigners, of the pisidian race, inhabiting a very lofty place, precipitous on every side; so that the road to the city is a difficult one. for a mountain stretches from the city as far as the road, where it suddenly stops short; and over against it rises another mountain, no less precipitous. these mountains form gates, as it were, upon the road; and it is possible for those who occupy these eminences even with a small guard to render the passage impracticable. on this occasion the termissians had come out in a body, and were occupying both the mountains; seeing which, alexander ordered the macedonians to encamp there, armed as they were, imagining that the termissians would not remain in a body when they saw them bivouacking, but that most of them would withdraw into their city, which was near, leaving upon the mountains74 only sufficient men to form a guard. and it turned out just as he conjectured; for most of them retired, and only a guard remained. he forthwith took the archers, the regiments of javelin-throwers, and the lighter hoplites, and led them against those who were guarding the pass. when these were attacked with missiles, they did not stand their ground, but abandoned the position. alexander then passed through the defile, and encamped near the city.