the answer of coenus.

when alexander had uttered these remarks, and others in the same strain, a long silence ensued, for the auditors neither had the audacity to speak in opposition to the king without constraint, nor did they wish to acquiesce in his proposal. hereupon, he repeatedly urged any one who wished it, to speak, if he entertained different views from those which he had himself expressed. nevertheless the silence still continued a long time; but at last, coenus, son of polemocrates, plucked up courage and spoke as follows719:—“o king, inasmuch as thou dost not wish to rule macedonians by compulsion, but sayest thou wilt lead them by persuasion, or yielding to their persuasion wilt not use violence towards them, i am going to make a speech, not on my own behalf and that of my colleagues here present, who are held in greater honour than the other soldiers, and most of us have already carried off the rewards of our labours, and from our preeminence are more zealous than the rest to serve thee in all things; but i am going to speak on behalf of the bulk of the army. on behalf of this army i am not going to say what may be gratifying to the men, but what i consider to be both advantageous to thee at present, and safest for the future. i feel it incumbent upon me not 312to conceal what i think the best course to pursue, both on account of my age, the honour paid to me by the rest of the army at thy behest, and the boldness which i have without any hesitation displayed up to the present time in incurring dangers and undergoing labours. the more numerous and the greater the exploits have been, which were achieved by thee as our commander, and by those who started from home with thee, the more advantageous does it seem to me that some end should be put to our labours and dangers. for thou thyself seest how many macedonians and greeks started with thee, and how few of us have been left. of our number thou didst well in sending back home the thessalians at once from bactra, because thou didst perceive that they were no longer eager to undergo labours.720 of the other greeks, some have been settled as colonists in the cities which thou hast founded; where they remain not indeed all of them of their own free will. the macedonian soldiers and the other greeks who still continued to share our labours and dangers, have either perished in the battles, become unfit for war on account of their wounds, or been left behind in the different parts of asia. the majority, however, have perished from disease, so that few are left out of many; and these few are no longer equally vigorous in body, while in spirit they are much more exhausted. all those whose parents still survive, feel a great yearning to see them once more; they feel a yearning after their wives and children, and a yearning for their native land itself; which it is surely pardonable for them to yearn to see again with the honour and dignity they have acquired from thee, returning as great men, whereas they departed small, and as rich men instead of being poor. do not lead us now against our will; for thou wilt no longer find us the same men in 313regard to dangers, since free-will will be wanting to us in the contests. but, rather, if it seem good to thee, return to thy own land, see thy mother, regulate the affairs of the greeks, and carry to the home of thy fathers these victories so many and great. then start afresh on another expedition, if thou wishest, against these very tribes of indians situated towards the east; or, if thou wishest, into the euxine sea721; or else against carchedon and the parts of libya beyond the carchedonians.722 it is now thy business to manage these matters; and the other macedonians and greeks will follow thee, young men in place of old, fresh men in place of exhausted ones, and men to whom warfare has no terrors, because up to the present time they have had no experience of it; and they will be eager to set out, from hope of future reward. the probability also is, that they will accompany thee with still more zeal on this account, when they see that those who in the earlier expedition shared thy labours and dangers have returned to their own abodes as rich men instead of being poor, and renowned instead of being obscure as they were before. self-control in the midst of success is the noblest of all virtues, o king! for thou hast nothing to fear from enemies, while thou art commanding and leading such an army as this; but the visitations of the deity are unexpected, and consequently men can take no precautions against them.”