ulm, battle of.—a fierce and bloody engagement between the french and austrians, the latter commanded by general mack, and the french by marshal ney. the french gained a complete victory, the austrians losing 36,000 men as prisoners, the flower of their army, and an immense number of killed and wounded. fought, october 17th, and 19th, 1805.

uniforms.—first used in france by louis xiv in 1668, adopted in england not long after.

ushant, naval battle of.—between the british and[365] french fleets, when after an indecisive action of three hours, under cover of the night, the latter withdrew in a deceptive manner to the harbour of brest. keppel commanded the english fleet and the count d’ovillier the french. a dispute occurring between the english admiral and the second in command caused the victory to be not so complete as it would otherwise have been. fought, july 27th, 1778.

utrecht, treaty of.—the union of the seven provinces began here a.d. 1579. celebrated treaty, april 11th, 1713. surrendered to the prussians, may 9th, 1787. possessed by the french, january 17th, 1795.