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Chapter 20

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1. when we renounce learning we have no troubles.

the (ready) 'yes,' and (flattering) 'yea;'--

small is the difference they display.

but mark their issues, good and ill;--

what space the gulf between shall fill? what all men fear is indeed to be feared; but how wide and without end is the range of questions (asking to be discussed)!

2. the multitude of men look satisfied and pleased; as if enjoying a full banquet, as if mounted on a tower in spring. i alone seem listless and still, my desires having as yet given no indication of their presence. i am like an infant which has not yet smiled. i look dejected and forlorn, as if i had no home to go to. the multitude of men all have enough and to spare. i alone seem to have lost everything. my mind is that of a stupid man; i am in a state of chaos. ordinary men look bright and intelligent, while i alone seem to be benighted. they look full of discrimination, while i alone am dull and confused. i seem to be carried about as on the sea, drifting as if i had nowhere to rest. all men have their spheres of action, while i alone seem dull and incapable, like a rude borderer. (thus) i alone am different from other men, but i value the nursing-mother (the tao).

绝学,无忧。

唯之与阿,相去几何?

美之与恶,相去何若?

人之所畏,不可不畏?

荒兮其未央哉!

众人熙熙,如享太牢,如春登台。

我独泊兮其未兆,如婴儿之未孩,傫傫兮,若无所归。

众人皆有余,而我独若遗。

我愚人之心也哉,沌沌兮!

俗人昭昭,我独昏昏。

俗人察察,我独闷闷。

澹兮其若海,飂兮若无止。

众人皆有以,而我独顽似鄙。

我独异于人,而贵食母。

【译文】

抛弃显学成见等路况知识,可以无忧在途。

那些去应诺附从的与那些去呵斥抗拮的,能有多大差别?那些在欣赏喜慰的与那些在嫌恶厌弃的,又相差多少?他人所畏避的,难道就非畏避不可吗?这种盲从风气久远以来到处蔓延,什么时候都没完没了!

人们真是喧闹喜乐、风光满面,就像享用着盛宴的美食,就像春日里奔赴高台。唯独我淡淡漠漠的,找不出任何随潮同流的迹象,就像婴儿还不懂得言笑作态,娴静而慵懒,因不附从于任何潮流而显得无所归属。

人们似乎都有充足的装备,而我却显得什么也不足。我真是愚人的心肠呵,混混沌沌的。人们似乎精明而睿智,而我却显得糊里糊涂。人们勤紧而利索,而我却在无可无不可地闲散游荡。摇曳灵活呵,就像大海一样;飘忽散漫呵,无拘无束。人们似乎都有足堪仗恃的本领,而我却总是不轻易出离混沌无名,就像不堪成器的鄙朴一样。我将继续我的特立独行,我崇尚求得于道。

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