sunday, november 1st. sailed this day (sunday again) for santa barbara, where we arrived on the 5th. coming round santa buenaventura, and nearing the anchorage, we saw two vessels in port, a large full-rigged, and a small, hermaphrodite brig. the former, the crew said, must be the pilgrim; but i had been too long in the pilgrim to be mistaken in her, and i was right in differing from them, for, upon nearer approach, her long, low, shear, sharp bows, and raking masts, told quite another story. “man-of-war brig,” said some of them; “baltimore clipper,” said others; the ayacucho, thought i; and soon the broad folds of the beautiful banner of st. george — white field with blood-red border and cross — were displayed from her peak. a few minutes put it beyond a doubt, and we were lying by the side of the ayacucho, which had sailed from san diego about nine months before, while we were lying there in the pilgrim. she had since been to valparaiso, callao, and the sandwich islands, and had just come upon the coast. her boat came on board, bringing captain wilson; and in half an hour the news was all over the ship that there was a war between the united states and france. exaggerated accounts reached the forecastle. battles had been fought, a large french fleet was in the pacific, &c., &c.; and one of the boat’s crew of the ayacucho said that, when they left callao, a large french frigate and the american frigate brandywine, which were lying there, were going outside to have a battle, and that the english frigate blonde was to be umpire, and see fair play. here was important news for us. alone, on an unprotected coast, without an american man-of-war within some thousands of miles, and the prospect of a voyage home through the whole length of the pacific and atlantic oceans! a french prison seemed a much more probable place of destination than the good port of boston. however, we were too salt to believe every yarn that comes into the forecastle, and waited to hear the truth of the matter from higher authority. by means of the supercargo’s clerk i got the amount of the matter, which was, that the governments had had a difficulty about the payment of a debt; that war had been threatened and prepared for, but not actually declared, although it was pretty generally anticipated. this was not quite so bad, yet was no small cause of anxiety. but we cared very little about the matter ourselves. “happy go lucky” with jack! we did not believe that a french prison would be much worse than “hide droghing” on the coast of california; and no one who has not been a long, dull voyage, shut up in one ship, can conceive of the effect of monotony upon one’s thoughts and wishes. the prospect of a change is a green spot in the desert, and the probability of great events and exciting scenes creates a feeling of delight, and sets life in motion, so as to give a pleasure which any one not in the same state would be unable to explain. in fact, a more jovial night we had not passed in the forecastle for months. all seemed in unaccountably high spirits. an undefined anticipation of radical changes, of new scenes and great doings, seemed to have possessed every one, and the common drudgery of the vessel appeared contemptible. here was a new vein opened — a grand theme of conversation and a topic for all sorts of discussions. national feeling was wrought up. jokes were cracked upon the only frenchman in the ship, and comparisons made between “old horse” and “soup meagre,” &c., &c.

we remained in uncertainty as to this war for more than two months, when an arrival from the sandwich islands brought us the news of an amicable arrangement of the difficulties.

the other vessel which we found in port was the hermaphrodite brig avon, from the sandwich islands. she was fitted up in handsome style; fired a gun, and ran her ensign up and down at sunrise and sunset; had a band of four or five pieces of music on board, and appeared rather like a pleasure yacht than a trader; yet, in connection with the loriotte, clementine, bolivar, convoy, and other small vessels, belonging to sundry americans at oahu, she carried on a considerable trade — legal and illegal, in otter-skins, silks, teas, &c., as well as hides and tallow.

the second day after our arrival, a full-rigged brig came round the point from the northward, sailed leisurely through the bay, and stood off again for the southeast in the direction of the large island of catalina. the next day the avon got under way, and stood in the same direction, bound for san pedro. this might do for marines and californians, but we knew the ropes too well. the brig was never again seen on the coast, and the avon went into san pedro in about a week with a replenished cargo of canton and american goods.

this was one of the means of escaping the heavy duties the mexicans lay upon all imports. a vessel comes on the coast, enters a moderate cargo at monterey, which is the only custom-house, and commences trading. in a month or more, having sold a large part of her cargo, she stretches over to catalina, or other of the large, uninhabited islands which lie off the coast, in a trip from port to port, and supplies herself with choice goods from a vessel from oahu, which has been lying off and on the islands, waiting for her. two days after the sailing of the avon, the loriotte came in from the leeward, and without doubt had also a snatch at the brig’s cargo.

tuesday, november 10th. going ashore, as usual, in the gig, just before sundown, to bring off the captain, we found, upon taking in the captain and pulling off again, that our ship, which lay the farthest out, had run up her ensign. this meant “sail ho!” of course, but as we were within the point we could see nothing. “give way, boys! give way! lay out on your oars, and long stroke!” said the captain; and stretching to the whole length of our arms, bending back again so that our backs touched the thwarts, we sent her through the water like a rocket. a few minutes of such pulling opened the islands, one after another, in range of the point, and gave us a view of the canal, where was a ship, under top-gallant-sails, standing in, with a light breeze, for the anchorage. putting the boat’s head in the direction of the ship, the captain told us to lay out again; and we needed no spurring, for the prospect of boarding a new ship, perhaps from home, hearing the news, and having something to tell of when we got back, was excitement enough for us, and we gave way with a will. captain nye, of the loriotte, who had been an old whaleman, was in the stern-sheets, and fell mightily into the spirit of it. “bend your backs, and break your oars!” said he. “lay me on, captain bunker!” “there she flukes!” and other exclamations current among whalemen. in the mean time it fell flat calm, and, being within a couple of miles of the ship, we expected to board her in a few minutes, when a breeze sprung up, dead ahead for the ship, and she braced up and stood off toward the islands, sharp on the larboard tack, making good way through the water. this, of course, brought us up, and we had only to “ease larboard oars, pull round starboard!” and go aboard the alert, with something very like a flea in the ear. there was a light land-breeze all night, and the ship did not come to anchor until the next morning.

as soon as her anchor was down we went aboard, and found her to be the whale-ship wilmington and liverpool packet, of new bedford, last from the “off-shore ground,” with nineteen hundred barrels of oil. a “spouter” we knew her to be, as soon as we saw her, by her cranes and boats, and by her stump top-gallant-masts, and a certain slovenly look to the sails, rigging, spars, and hull; and when we got on board, we found everything to correspond — spouter fashion. she had a false deck, which was rough and oily, and cut up in every direction by the chines of oil casks; her rigging was slack, and turning white, paint worn off the spars and blocks, clumsy seizings, straps without covers, and “homeward-bound splices” in every direction. her crew, too, were not in much better order. her captain was a slab-sided quaker, in a suit of brown, with a broad-brimmed hat, bending his long legs as he moved about decks, with his head down, like a sheep, and the men looked more like fishermen and farmers than they did like sailors.

though it was by no means cold weather (we having on only our red shirts and duck trousers), they all had on woollen trousers — not blue and ship-shape, but of all colors — brown, drab, gray, aye, and green — with suspenders over their shoulders, and pockets to put their hands in. this, added to guernsey frocks, striped comforters about the neck, thick cowhide boots, woollen caps, and a strong, oily smell, and a decidedly green look, will complete the description. eight or ten were on the fore topsail yard, and as many more in the main, furling the topsails, while eight or ten were hanging about the forecastle, doing nothing. this was a strange sight for a vessel coming to anchor; so we went up to them, to see what was the matter. one of them, a stout, hearty-looking fellow, held out his leg and said he had the scurvy; another had cut his hand; and others had got nearly well, but said that there were plenty aloft to furl the sails, so they were sogering on the forecastle. there was only one “splicer” on board, a fine-looking old tar, who was in the bunt of the fore topsail. he was probably the only thorough marline-spike seaman in the ship, before the mast. the mates, of course, and the boat-steerers, and also two or three of the crew, had been to sea before, but only on whaling voyages; and the greater part of the crew were raw hands, just from the bush, and had not yet got the hay-seed out of their hair. the mizzen topsail hung in the buntlines until everything was furled forward. thus a crew of thirty men were half an hour in doing what would have been done in the alert, with eighteen hands to go aloft, in fifteen or twenty minutes.1

we found they had been at sea six or eight months, and had no news to tell us, so we left them, and promised to get liberty to come on board in the evening for some curiosities. accordingly, as soon as we were knocked off in the evening and were through supper, we obtained leave, took a boat, and went aboard and spent an hour or two. they gave us pieces of whalebone, and the teeth and other parts of curious sea animals, and we exchanged books with them — a practice very common among ships in foreign ports, by which you get rid of the books you have read and reread, and a supply of new ones in their stead, and jack is not very nice as to their comparative value.2

thursday, november 12th. this day was quite cool in the early part, and there were black clouds about; but as it was often so in the morning, nothing was apprehended, and all the captains went ashore together to spend the day. towards noon the clouds hung heavily over the mountains, coming half-way down the hills that encircle the town of santa barbara, and a heavy swell rolled in from the southeast. the mate immediately ordered the gig’s crew away, and, at the same time, we saw boats pulling ashore from the other vessels. here was a grand chance for a rowing-match, and every one did his best. we passed the boats of the ayacucho and loriotte, but could not hold our own with the long six-oared boat of the whale-ship. they reached the breakers before us; but here we had the advantage of them, for, not being used to the surf, they were obliged to wait to see us beach our boat, just as, in the same place, nearly a year before, we, in the pilgrim, were glad to be taught by a boat’s crew of kanakas.

we had hardly got the boats beached, and their heads pointed out to sea, before our old friend, bill jackson, the handsome english sailor, who steered the loriotte’s boat, called out that his brig was adrift; and, sure enough, she was dragging her anchors, and drifting down into the bight of the bay. without waiting for the captain (for there was no one on board the brig but the mate and steward), he sprung into the boat, called the kanakas together, and tried to put off. but the kanakas, though capital water-dogs, were frightened by their vessel’s being adrift, and by the emergency of the case, and seemed to lose their faculties. twice their boat filled, and came broadside upon the beach. jackson swore at them for a parcel of savages, and promised to flog every one of them. this made the matter no better; when we came forward, told the kanakas to take their seats in the boat, and, going two on each side, walked out with her till it was up to our shoulders, and gave them a shove, when, giving way with their oars, they got her safely into the long, regular swell. in the mean time, boats had put off to the loriotte from our ship and the whaler, and, coming all on board the brig together, they let go the other anchor, paid out chain, braced the yards to the wind, and brought the vessel up.

in a few minutes, the captains came hurrying down, on the run; and there was no time to be lost, for the gale promised to be a severe one, and the surf was breaking upon the beach, three deep, higher and higher every instant. the ayacucho’s boat, pulled by four kanakas, put off first, and as they had no rudder or steering-oar, would probably never have got off, had we not waded out with them as far as the surf would permit. the next that made the attempt was the whale-boat, for we, being the most experienced “beach-combers,” needed no help, and stayed till the last. whalemen make the best boats’ crews in the world for a long pull, but this landing was new to them, and, notwithstanding the examples they had had, they slewed round and were hove up — boat, oars, and men — all together, high and dry upon the sand. the second time they filled, and had to turn their boat over, and set her off again. we could be of no help to them, for they were so many as to be in one another’s way, without the addition of our numbers. the third time they got off, though not without shipping a sea which drenched them all, and half filled their boat, keeping them baling until they reached their ship. we now got ready to go off, putting the boat’s head out; english ben and i, who were the largest, standing on each side of the bows to keep her head out to the sea, two more shipping and manning the two after oars, and the captain taking the steering oar. two or three mexicans, who stood upon the beach looking at us, wrapped their cloaks about them, shook their heads, and muttered “caramba!” they had no taste for such doings; in fact, the hydrophobia is a national malady, and shows itself in their persons as well as their actions.

watching for a “smooth chance,” we determined to show the other boats the way it should be done, and, as soon as ours floated, ran out with her, keeping her head out, with all our strength, and the help of the captain’s oar, and the two after oarsmen giving way regularly and strongly, until our feet were off the ground, we tumbled into the bows, keeping perfectly still, from fear of hindering the others. for some time it was doubtful how it would go. the boat stood nearly up and down in the water, and the sea, rolling from under her, let her fall upon the water with a force which seemed almost to stave her bottom in. by quietly sliding two oars forward, along the thwarts, without impeding the rowers, we shipped two bow oars, and thus, by the help of four oars and the captain’s strong arm, we got safely off, though we shipped several seas, which left us half full of water. we pulled alongside of the loriotte, put her skipper on board, and found her making preparations for slipping, and then pulled aboard our own ship. here mr. brown, always “on hand,” had got everything ready, so that we had only to hook on the gig and hoist it up, when the order was given to loose the sails. while we were on the yards, we saw the loriotte under way, and, before our yards were mast-headed, the ayacucho had spread her wings, and, with yards braced sharp up, was standing athwart our hawse. there is no prettier sight in the world than a full-rigged, clipper-built brig, sailing sharp on the wind. in a minute more our slip-rope was gone, the head-yards filled away, and we were off. next came the whaler; and in half an hour from the time when four vessels were lying quietly at anchor, without a rag out, or a sign of motion, the bay was deserted, and four white clouds were moving over the water to seaward. being sure of clearing the point, we stood off with our yards a little braced in, while the ayacucho went off with a taut bowline, which brought her to windward of us. during all this day, and the greater part of the night, we had the usual southeaster entertainment, a gale of wind, with occasional rain, and finally topped off with a drenching rain of three or four hours. at daybreak the clouds thinned off and rolled away, and the sun came up clear. the wind, instead of coming out from the northward, as is usual, blew steadily and freshly from the anchoring-ground. this was bad for us, for, being “flying light,” with little more than ballast trim, we were in no condition for showing off on a taut bowline, and had depended upon a fair wind, with which, by the help of our light sails and studding-sails, we meant to have been the first at the anchoring-ground; but the ayacucho was a good league to windward of us, and was standing in in fine style. the whaler, however, was as far to leeward of us, and the loriotte was nearly out of sight, among the islands, up the canal. by hauling every brace and bowline, and clapping watch-tackles upon all the sheets and halyards, we managed to hold our own, and drop the leeward vessels a little in every tack. when we reached the anchoring-ground, the ayacucho had got her anchor, furled her sails, squared her yards, and was lying as quietly as if nothing had happened.

we had our usual good luck in getting our anchor without letting go another, and were all snug, with our boats at the boom-ends, in half an hour. in about two hours more the whaler came in, and made a clumsy piece of work in getting her anchor, being obliged to let go her best bower, and, finally, to get out a kedge and a hawser. they were heave-hoing, stopping and unstopping, pawling, catting, and fishing for three hours; and the sails hung from the yards all the afternoon, and were not furled until sundown. the loriotte came in just after dark, and let go her anchor, making no attempt to pick up the other until the next day.

this affair led to a dispute as to the sailing of our ship and the ayacucho. bets were made between the captains, and the crews took it up in their own way; but as she was bound to leeward and we to windward, and merchant captains cannot deviate, a trial never took place; and perhaps it was well for us that it did not, for the ayacucho had been eight years in the pacific, in every part of it — valparaiso, sandwich islands, canton, california, and all — and was called the fastest merchant-man that traded in the pacific, unless it was the brig john gilpin, and perhaps the ship ann mckim, of baltimore.

saturday, november 14th. this day we got under way, with the agent and several mexicans of note, as passengers, bound up to monterey. we went ashore in the gig to bring them off with their baggage, and found them waiting on the beach, and a little afraid about going off, as the surf was running very high. this was nuts to us, for we liked to have a mexican wet with salt water; and then the agent was very much disliked by the crew, one and all; and we hoped, as there was no officer in the boat, to have a chance to duck them, for we knew that they were such “marines” that they would not know whether it was our fault or not. accordingly, we kept the boat so far from shore as to oblige them to wet their feet in getting into her; and then waited for a good high comber, and, letting the head slue a little round, sent the whole force of the sea into the stern-sheets, drenching them from head to feet. the mexicans sprang out of the boat, swore, and shook themselves, and protested against trying it again; and it was with the greatest difficulty that the agent could prevail upon them to make another attempt. the next time we took care, and went off easily enough, and pulled aboard. the crew came to the side to hoist in their baggage, and heartily enjoyed the half-drowned looks of the company.

everything being now ready, and the passengers aboard, we ran up the ensign and broad pennant (for there was no man-of-war, and we were the largest vessel on the coast), and the other vessels ran up their ensigns. having hove short, cast off the gaskets, and made the bunt of each sail fast by the jigger, with a man on each yard, at the word the whole canvas of the ship was loosed, and with the greatest rapidity possible everything was sheeted home and hoisted up, the anchor tripped and cat-headed, and the ship under headway. we were determined to show the “spouter” how things could be done in a smart ship, with a good crew, though not more than half his numbers. the royal yards were all crossed at once, and royals and sky-sails set, and, as we had the wind free, the booms were run out, and all were aloft, active as cats, laying out on the yards and booms, reeving the studding-sail gear; and sail after sail the captain piled upon her, until she was covered with canvas, her sails looking like a great white cloud resting upon a black speck. before we doubled the point, we were going at a dashing rate, and leaving the shipping far astern. we had a fine breeze to take us through the canal, as they call this bay of forty miles long by ten wide. the breeze died away at night, and we were becalmed all day on sunday, about half-way between santa barbara and point conception. sunday night we had a light, fair wind, which set us up again; and having a fine sea-breeze on the first part of monday we had the prospect of passing, without any trouble, point conception — the cape horn of california, where, the sailors say, it begins to blow the first of january, and blows until the last of december. toward the latter part of the afternoon, however, the regular northwest wind, as usual, set in, which brought in our studding-sails, and gave us the chance of beating round the point, which we were now just abreast of, and which stretched off into the pacific, high, rocky, and barren, forming the central point of the coast for hundreds of miles north and south. a cap-full of wind will be a bag-full here, and before night our royals were furled, and the ship was laboring hard under her top-gallant-sails. at eight bells our watch went below, leaving her with as much sail as she could stagger under, the water flying over the forecastle at every plunge. it was evidently blowing harder, but then there was not a cloud in the sky, and the sun had gone down bright.

we had been below but a short time, before we had the usual premonitions of a coming gale — seas washing over the whole forward part of the vessel, and her bows beating against them with a force and sound like the driving of piles. the watch, too, seemed very busy trampling about decks, and singing out at the ropes. a sailor can tell, by the sound, what sail is coming in; and, in a short time, we heard the top-gallant-sails come in, one after another, and then the flying jib. this seemed to ease her a good deal, and we were fast going off to the land of nod, when — bang, bang, bang — on the scuttle, and “all hands, reef topsails, ahoy!” started us out of our berths; and, it not being very cold weather, we had nothing extra to put on, and were soon on deck. i shall never forget the fineness of the sight. it was a clear, and rather a chilly night; the stars were twinkling with an intense brightness, and as far as the eye could reach there was not a cloud to be seen. the horizon met the sea in a defined line. a painter could not have painted so clear a sky. there was not a speck upon it. yet it was blowing great guns from the northwest. when you can see a cloud to windward, you feel that there is a place for the wind to come from; but here it seemed to come from nowhere. no person could have told from the heavens, by their eyesight alone, that it was not a still summer’s night. one reef after another we took in the topsails, and before we could get them hoisted up we heard a sound like a short, quick rattling of thunder, and the jib was blown to atoms out of the bolt-rope. we got the topsails set, and the fragments of the jib stowed away, and the fore topmast staysail set in its place, when the great mainsail gaped open, and the sail ripped from head to foot. “lay up on that main yard and furl the sail, before it blows to tatters!” shouted the captain; and in a moment we were up, gathering the remains of it upon the yard. we got it wrapped round the yard, and passed gaskets over it as snugly as possible, and were just on deck again, when, with another loud rent, which was heard throughout the ship, the fore topsail, which had been double-reefed, split in two athwartships, just below the reef-band, from earing to earing. here again it was — down yard, haul out reef-tackles, and lay out upon the yard for reefing. by hauling the reef-tackles chock-a-block we took the strain from the other earings, and passing the close-reef earing, and knotting the points carefully, we succeeded in setting the sail, close reefed.

we had but just got the rigging coiled up, and were waiting to hear “go below the watch!” when the main royal worked loose from the gaskets, and blew directly out to leeward, flapping, and shaking the mast like a wand. here was a job for somebody. the royal must come in or be cut adrift, or the mast would be snapped short off. all the light hands in the starboard watch were sent up one after another, but they could do nothing with it. at length, john, the tall frenchman, the head of the starboard watch (and a better sailor never stepped upon a deck), sprang aloft, and, by the help of his long arms and legs, succeeded, after a hard struggle — the sail blowing over the yard-arm to leeward, and the skysail adrift directly over his head — in smothering it and frapping it with long pieces of sinnet. he came very near being blown or shaken from the yard several times, but he was a true sailor, every finger a fish-hook. having made the sail snug, he prepared to send the yard down, which was a long and difficult job; for, frequently, he was obliged to stop, and hold on with all his might for several minutes, the ship pitching so as to make it impossible to do anything else at that height. the yard at length came down safe, and, after it, the fore and mizzen royal yards were sent down. all hands were then sent aloft, and for an hour or two we were hard at work, making the booms well fast, unreeving the studding-sail and royal and skysail gear, getting rolling-ropes on the yard, setting up the weather breast-backstays, and making other preparations for a storm. it was a fine night for a gale; just cool and bracing enough for quick work, without being cold, and as bright as day. it was sport to have a gale in such weather as this. yet it blew like a hurricane. the wind seemed to come with a spite, an edge to it, which threatened to scrape us off the yards. the force of the wind was greater than i had ever felt it before; but darkness, cold, and wet are the worst parts of a storm, to a sailor.

having got on deck again, we looked round to see what time of night it was, and whose watch. in a few minutes the man at the wheel struck four bells, and we found that the other watch was out, and our own half out. accordingly, the starboard watch went below, and left the ship to us for a couple of hours, yet with orders to stand by for a call.

hardly had they got below, before away went the fore topmast staysail, blown to ribands. this was a small sail, which we could manage in the watch, so that we were not obliged to call up the other watch. we laid out upon the bowsprit, where we were under water half the time, and took in the fragments of the sail, and, as she must have some head sail on her, prepared to bend another staysail. we got the new one out into the nettings; seized on the tack, sheets, and halyards, and the hanks; manned the halyards, cut adrift the frapping-lines, and hoisted away; but before it was half-way up the stay it was blown all to pieces. when we belayed the halyards, there was nothing left but the bolt-rope. now large eyes began to show themselves in the foresail, and, knowing that it must soon go, the mate ordered us upon the yard to furl it. being unwilling to call up the watch who had been on deck all night, he roused out the carpenter, sailmaker, cook, and steward, and with their help we manned the fore yard, and, after nearly half an hour’s struggle, mastered the sail, and got it well furled round the yard. the force of the wind had never been greater than at this moment. in going up the rigging, it seemed absolutely to pin us down to the shrouds; and, on the yard, there was no such thing as turning a face to windward. yet here was no driving sleet, and darkness, and wet, and cold, as off cape horn; and instead of stiff oil-cloth suits, southwester caps, and thick boots, we had on hats, round jackets, duck trousers, light shoes, and everything light and easy. these things make a great difference to a sailor. when we got on deck, the man at the wheel struck eight bells (four o’clock in the morning), and “all starbowlines, ahoy!” brought the other watch up, but there was no going below for us. the gale was now at its height, “blowing like scissors and thumb-screws”; the captain was on deck; the ship, which was light, rolling and pitching as though she would shake the long sticks out of her, and the sails were gaping open and splitting in every direction. the mizzen topsail, which was a comparatively new sail, and close reefed, split from head to foot, in the bunt; the fore topsail went, in one rent, from clew to earing, and was blowing to tatters; one of the chain bobstays parted; the spritsail yard sprung in the slings; the martingale had slued away off to leeward; and, owing to the long dry weather, the lee rigging hung in large bights at every lurch. one of the main top-gallant shrouds had parted; and, to crown all, the galley had got adrift, and gone over to leeward, and the anchor on the lee bow had worked loose, and was thumping the side. here was work enough for all hands for half a day. our gang laid out on the mizzen topsail yard, and after more than half an hour’s hard work, furled the sail, though it bellied out over our heads, and again, by a slat of the wind, blew in under the yard with a fearful jerk, and almost threw us off from the foot-ropes.

double gaskets were passed round the yards, rolling tackles and other gear bowsed taut, and everything made as secure as it could be. coming down, we found the rest of the crew just coming down the fore rigging, having furled the tattered topsail, or, rather, swathed it round the yard, which looked like a broken limb, bandaged. there was no sail now on the ship, but the spanker and the close-reefed main topsail, which still held good. but this was too much after sail, and order was given to furl the spanker. the brails were hauled up, and all the light hands in the starboard watch sent out on the gaff to pass the gaskets; but they could do nothing with it. the second mate swore at them for a parcel of “sogers,” and sent up a couple of the best men; but they could do no better, and the gaff was lowered down. all hands were now employed in setting up the lee rigging, fishing the spritsail yard, lashing the galley, and getting tackles upon the martingale, to bowse it to windward. being in the larboard watch, my duty was forward, to assist in setting up the martingale. three of us were out on the martingale guys and back-ropes for more than half an hour, carrying out, hooking and unhooking the tackles, several times buried in the seas, until the mate ordered us in, from fear of our being washed off. the anchors were then to be taken up on the rail, which kept all hands on the forecastle for an hour, though every now and then the seas broke over it, washing the rigging off to leeward, filling the lee scuppers breast-high, and washing chock aft to the taffrail.

having got everything secure again, we were promising ourselves some breakfast, for it was now nearly nine o’clock in the forenoon, when the main topsail showed evident signs of giving way. some sail must be kept on the ship, and the captain ordered the fore and main spencer gaffs to be lowered down, and the two spencers (which were storm sails, bran-new, small, and made of the strongest canvas) to be got up and bent; leaving the main topsail to blow away, with a blessing on it, if it would only last until we could set the spencers. these we bent on very carefully, with strong robands and seizings, and, making tackles fast to the clews, bowsed them down to the water-ways. by this time the main topsail was among the things that have been, and we went aloft to stow away the remnant of the last sail of all those which were on the ship twenty-four hours before. the spencers were now the only whole sails on the ship, and, being strong and small, and near the deck, presenting but little surface to the wind above the rail, promised to hold out well. hove-to under these, and eased by having no sail above the tops, the ship rose and fell, and drifted off to leeward like a line-of-battle ship.

it was now eleven o’clock, and the watch was sent below to get breakfast, and at eight bells (noon), as everything was snug, although the gale had not in the least abated, the watch was set, and the other watch and idlers sent below. for three days and three nights the gale continued with unabated fury, and with singular regularity. there were no lulls, and very little variation in its fierceness. our ship, being light, rolled so as almost to send the fore yard-arm under water, and drifted off bodily to leeward. all this time there was not a cloud to be seen in the sky, day or night; no, not so large as a man’s hand. every morning the sun rose cloudless from the sea, and set again at night in the sea, in a flood of light. the stars, too, came out of the blue one after another, night after night, unobscured, and twinkled as clear as on a still, frosty night at home, until the day came upon them. all this time the sea was rolling in immense surges, white with foam, as far as the eye could reach, on every side, for we were now leagues and leagues from shore.

the between-decks being empty, several of us slept there in hammocks, which are the best things in the world to sleep in during a storm; it not being true of them, as it is of another kind of bed, “when the wind blows the cradle will rock”; for it is the ship that rocks, while they hang vertically from the beams. during these seventy-two hours we had nothing to do but to turn in and out, four hours on deck, and four below, eat, sleep, and keep watch. the watches were only varied by taking the helm in turn, and now and then by one of the sails, which were furled, blowing out of the gaskets, and getting adrift, which sent us up on the yards, and by getting tackles on different parts of the rigging, which were slack. once the wheel-rope parted, which might have been fatal to us, had not the chief mate sprung instantly with a relieving tackle to windward, and kept the tiller up, till a new rope could be rove. on the morning of the twentieth, at daybreak, the gale had evidently done its worst, and had somewhat abated; so much so that all hands were called to bend new sails, although it was still blowing as hard as two common gales. one at a time, and with great difficulty and labor, the old sails were unbent and sent down by the buntlines, and three new topsails, made for the homeward passage round cape horn, which had never been bent, were got up from the sail-room, and, under the care of the sailmaker, were fitted for bending, and sent up by the halyards into the tops, and, with stops and frapping-lines, were bent to the yards, close-reefed, sheeted home, and hoisted. these were bent one at a time, and with the greatest care and difficulty. two spare courses were then got up and bent in the same manner and furled, and a storm-jib, with the bonnet off, bent and furled to the boom. it was twelve o’clock before we got through, and five hours of more exhausting labor i never experienced; and no one of that ship’s crew, i will venture to say, will ever desire again to unbend and bend five large sails in the teeth of a tremendous northwester. towards night a few clouds appeared in the horizon, and, as the gale moderated, the usual appearance of driving clouds relieved the face of the sky. the fifth day after the commencement of the storm, we shook a reef out of each topsail, and set the reefed foresail, jib, and spanker, but it was not until after eight days of reefed topsails that we had a whole sail on the ship, and then it was quite soon enough, for the captain was anxious to make up for leeway, the gale having blown us half the distance to the sandwich islands.

inch by inch, as fast as the gale would permit, we made sail on the ship, for the wind still continued ahead, and we had many days’ sailing to get back to the longitude we were in when the storm took us. for eight days more we beat to windward under a stiff top-gallant breeze, when the wind shifted and became variable. a light southeaster, to which we could carry a reefed topmast studding-sail, did wonders for our dead reckoning.

friday, december 4th. after a passage of twenty days, we arrived at the mouth of the bay of san francisco.