operations against the aspasians.

alexander now took command of the shield-bearing guards, the archers, the agrianians, the brigade of coenus and attalus, the royal body-guard of cavalry, about four regiments of the other companion cavalry, and half of the horse-archers, and advanced towards the river euaspla,603 where the chieftain of the aspasians was. after a long journey he arrived at the city on the second day. when the barbarians ascertained that he was approaching they set fire to the city and fled to the mountains. but alexander followed close upon the fugitives as far as the mountains, and slaughtered many of them before they could manage to get away into the places which were difficult of access. ptolemy, son of lagus, observing that the leader himself of the indians of that district was on a certain hill, and that he had some of his shield-bearing guards round him, though he had with himself far fewer men, yet he still continued to pursue him on horseback. but as the hill was difficult for his 251horse to run up, he left it there, handing it over to one of the shield-bearing guards to lead. he then followed the indian on foot, without any delay. when the latter observed ptolemy approaching, he turned round, and so did the shield-bearing guards with him. the indian at close quarters struck ptolemy on the chest through the breastplate with a long spear, but the breastplate checked the violence of the blow. then ptolemy, smiting right through the indian’s thigh, overthrew him, and stripped him of his arms. when his men saw their leader lying dead, they stood their ground no longer; but the men on the mountains, seeing their chieftain’s corpse being carried off by the enemy, were seized with indignation, and running down engaged in a desperate conflict over him on the hill. for alexander himself was now on the hill with the infantry who had dismounted from the horses. these, falling upon the indians, drove them away to the mountains after a hard struggle, and remained in possession of the corpse. then crossing the mountains he descended to a city called arigaeum, and found that this had been set on fire by the inhabitants, who had afterwards fled. there craterus with his army reached him, after accomplishing all the king’s orders; and because this city seemed to be built in a convenient place, he directed that general to fortify it well, and settle in it as many of the neighbouring people as were willing to live there, together with any of the soldiers who were unfit for service. he then advanced to the place where he heard that most of the barbarians of the district had fled for refuge; and coming to a certain mountain, he encamped at the foot of it. meantime ptolemy, son of lagus, being sent out by alexander on a foraging expedition, and advancing a considerable distance with a few men to reconnoitre, brought back word to the king that he had observed many more fires in the camp of the barbarians than there were in alexander’s. but the latter252 did not believe in the multitude of the enemy’s fires. discovering, however, that the barbarians of the district had joined their forces into one body, he left a part of his army there near the mountain, encamped as they were, and taking as many men as seemed sufficient, according to the reports he had received, as soon as they could descry the fires near at hand, he divided his army into three parts. over one part he placed leonnatus, the confidential body-guard, joining the brigades of attalus and balacrus with his own; the second division he put under the lead of ptolemy, son of lagus, including the third part of the royal shield-bearing guards, the brigades of philip and philotas, two regiments of horse-archers, the agrianians, and half of the cavalry. the third division he himself led towards the place where most of the barbarians were visible.