a spacious and comfortable hut was placed at the disposal of the white men, with a small one adjoining for the houssas. that evening frank asked mr. goodenough to tell him what he knew concerning the people of dahomey.
“the word dahomey, or more properly da-omi, means da's belly. da was, two hundred and fifty years ago, the king of the city of abomey. it was attacked by tacudona the chief of the fois. it resisted bravely, and tacudona made a vow that if he took it he would sacrifice the king to the gods. when he captured the town he carried out his vow by ripping open the king, and then called the place daomi. gradually the conquerors extended their power until the kingdom reached to the very foot of the atlas range, obtaining a port by the conquest of whydah. the king of dahomey is a despot, and even his nobility crawl on the ground in his presence. the taxes are heavy, every article sold in the market paying about one eighteenth to the royal exchequer. there are besides many other taxes. every slave is taxed, every article that enters the kingdom. if a cock crow it is forfeited, and, as it is the nature of cocks to crow, every bird in the kingdom is muzzled. the property of every one who dies goes to the king; and at the annual custom, a grand religious festival, every man has to bring a present in proportion to his rank and wealth. the royal pomp is kept up by receiving strangers who visit the country with much state, and by regaling the populace with spectacles of human sacrifices. the women stand high in dahomey. among other negro nations they till the soil. in dahomey they fight as soldiers, and perform all the offices of men. dahomey is principally celebrated for its army of women, and its human sacrifices. these last take place annually, or even more often. sometimes as many as a thousand captives are slain on these occasions. in almost all the pagan nations of africa human sacrifices are perpetrated, just as they were by the druids and egyptians of old. nowhere, however, are they carried to such a terrible extent as in dahomey. even ashanti, where matters are bad enough, is inferior in this respect. the victims are mostly captives taken in war, and it is to keep up the supply necessary for these wholesale sacrifices that dahomey is constantly at war with her neighbors.”
“but are we going to fight against women, then?” frank asked horrified.
“assuredly we are,” mr. goodenough answered. “the amazons, as white men have christened the force, are the flower of the dahomey army, and fight with extraordinary bravery and ferocity.”
“but it will seem dreadful to fire at women!” frank said.
“that is merely an idea of civilization, frank. in countries where women are dependent upon men, leaving to them the work of providing for the family and home, while they employ themselves in domestic duties and in brightening the lives of the men, they are treated with respect. but as their work becomes rougher, so does the position which they occupy in men's esteem fall. among the middle and upper classes throughout europe a man is considered a brute and a coward who lifts his hand against a woman. among the lower classes wife and woman beating is by no means uncommon, nor is such an assault regarded with much more reprobation than an attack upon a man. when women leave their proper sphere and put themselves forward to do man's work they must expect man's treatment; and the foolish women at home who clamor for women's rights, that is to say, for an equality of work, would, if they had their way, inflict enormous damage upon their sex.”
“still,” frank said, “i shan't like having to fire at women.”
“you won't see much difference between women and men when the fight begins, frank. these female furies will slay all who fall into their hands, and therefore in self defense you will have to assist in slaying them.”
the following day the sound of beating of drums and firing of guns was heard, and soon afterwards the head of the army of dahomey was seen approaching. it moved with considerable order and regularity.
“those must be the amazons,” mr. goodenough said. “they are proud of their drill and discipline. i do not think that any other african troops could march so regularly and solidly.”
the main body of the army now came in view, marching as a loose and scattered mob. then twelve objects were seen dragged by oxen. these were the cannon of the besiegers.
“how many do you think there are?” frank asked.
“it is very difficult to judge accurately,” mr. goodenough said. “but dahomey is said to be able to put fifty thousand fighting men and women in the field, that is to say her whole adult population, except those too old to bear arms. i should think that there are twenty or twenty-five thousand now in sight.”
the enemy approached within musket shot of the walls, and numbers of them running up, discharged their muskets. the abeokuta people fired back; but mr. goodenough ordered the houssas on no account to fire, as he did not wish the enemy to know the power of their rifles.
the first step of the besiegers was to cut down all the plantations round the town and to erect great numbers of little huts. a large central hut with several smaller ones surrounding it was erected for the king and his principal nobles. the dahomans spread round the town and by the gesticulation and pointing at the gates it was clear that the defenses raised to cover these excited great surprise.
the wall was thick enough for men to walk along on the top, but being built of clay it would withstand but little battering. mr. goodenough set a large number of people to work, making sacks from the rough cloth, of which there was an abundance in the place. these were filled with earth and piled in the center of the town ready for conveyance to any point threatened. he likewise had a number of beams, used in construction of houses, sharpened at one end; stakes of five or six feet long were also prepared and sharpened at both ends. that day the enemy attempted nothing against the town. the next morning the twelve cannon were planted at a distance of about five hundred yards and opened fire on the walls. the shooting was wild in the extreme; many of the balls went over the place altogether; others topped the wall and fell in the town; some hit the wall and buried themselves in the clay.
“we will give them a lesson,” mr. goodenough said, “in the modern rifle. frank, you take my double barrel rifle and i will take the heavy, large bored one. your winchester will scarcely make accurate firing at five hundred yards.”
the houssas were already on the wall, anxious to open fire. mr. goodenough saw that their rifles were sighted to five hundred yards. the cannon offered an easy mark. they were ranged along side by side, surrounded by a crowd of negroes, who yelled and danced each time a shot struck the wall.
“now,” mr. goodenough said to the houssas, “fire steadily, and, above all, fire straight. i want every shot to tell.”
mr. goodenough gave the signal, and at once frank and the houssas opened fire. the triumphant yells of the dahomans at once changed their character, and a cry of wrath and astonishment broke from them. steadily mr. goodenough and his party kept up their fire. they could see that great execution was being done, a large proportion of the shots telling. many wounded were carried to the rear, and black forms could be seen stretched everywhere on the ground. still the enemy's fire continued with unabated vigor.
“they fight very pluckily,” frank said.
“they are plucky,” mr. goodenough answered; “and as cowardice is punished with death, and human life has scarcely any value among them, they will be killed where they stand rather than retreat.”
for three or four hours the fight continued. several officers, evidently of authority, surrounded by groups of attendants, came down to the guns; but as frank and mr. goodenough always selected these for their mark, and—firing with their guns resting on the parapet—were able to make very accurate shooting, most of them were killed within a few minutes of their arriving on the spot.
at the end of four hours the firing ceased, and the dahomans retired from their guns. the abeokuta people raised a cry of triumph.
“i imagine they have only fallen back,” mr. goodenough said, “to give the guns time to cool.”
while the cannonade had been going on a brisk attack had been kept up on several other points of the wall, the enemy advancing within fifty yards of this and firing their muskets, loaded with heavy charges of slugs, at the defenders, who replied vigorously to them. their cannonade was not resumed that afternoon, the dahomans contenting themselves with skirmishing round the walls.
“they are disappointed with the result of their fire,” mr. goodenough said. “no doubt they anticipated they should knock the wall down without difficulty. you will see some change in their tactics tomorrow.”
that night mr. goodenough had a number of barrels of palm oil carried on to the wall, with some of the great iron pots used for boiling down the oil, and a supply of fuel.
“if they try to storm,” he said, “it will most likely be at the point which they have been firing at. the parapet is knocked down in several places, and the defenders there would be more exposed to their fire.”
it was at this point, therefore, that the provision of oil was placed. mr. goodenough ordered fires to be lighted under the boilers an hour before daybreak, in order that all should be in readiness in case an attack should be made the first thing in the morning. the abeokutans were in high spirits at the effect of the fire of their white allies, and at the comparative failure of the cannon, at whose power they had before been greatly alarmed. soon after daylight the dahomans were seen gathering near the guns. their drums beat furiously, and presently they advanced in a solid mass against the wall.
“they have got ladders,” mr. goodenough said. “i can see numbers of them carrying something.”
the houssas at once opened fire, and as the enemy approached closer, first the abeokutans who had muskets, then the great mass with bows and arrows, began to fire upon the enemy, while these answered with their musketry. the central body, however, advanced without firing a shot, moving like the rest at a quick run.
mr. goodenough and frank were not firing now, as they were devoting themselves to superintending the defence. ostik kept close to them, carrying frank's winchester carbine and a double barreled shotgun.
“this is hot,” mr. goodenough said, as the enemy's slugs and bullets whizzed in a storm over the edge of the parapet, killing many of the defenders, and rendering it difficult for the others to take accurate aim. this, however, the abeokutans did not try to do. stooping below the parapet, they fitted their arrows to the string, or loaded their muskets, and then, standing up, fired hastily at the approaching throng.
the walls were about twenty-five feet high inside, but the parapet gave an additional height of some four feet outside. they were about three feet thick at the top, and but a limited number of men could take post there to oppose the storming party. strong bodies were placed farther along on the wall to make a rush to sweep the enemy off should they gain a footing. others were posted below to attack them should they leap down into the town, while men with muskets were on the roofs of the houses near the walls, in readiness to open fire should the enemy get a footing on the wall. the din was prodigious.
the dahomans, having access to the sea coast, were armed entirely with muskets, these being either cheap birmingham trade guns or old converted muskets, bought by traders for a song at the sale of disused government stores. it is much to be regretted that the various governments of europe do not insist that their old guns shall be used only as old iron. the price obtained for them is so trifling as to be immaterial, and the great proportion of them find their way to africa to be used in the constant wars that are waged there, and to enable rich and powerful tribes to enslave and destroy their weaker neighbors. the africans use very much heavier charges of powder than those in used in civilized nations, ramming down a handful of slugs, of half a dozen small bullets, upon the powder. this does not conduce to good shooting, but the noise made is prodigious. the abeokutans, on the other hand, were principally armed with bows and arrows, as, having no direct access to the sea coast, it was difficult for them to procure guns.
the dahomans poured up in a mass to the foot of the wall, and then a score of rough ladders, constructed of bamboo, and each four feet wide, were placed against the walls. directly the point to be attacked was indicated, mr. goodenough had distributed his cauldrons of boiling oil along the walls, and had set men to work to pierce holes through the parapet at distances of a couple of feet apart, and at a height of six inches from the ground. a line of men with long spears were told to lie down upon the ground, and to thrust through the holes at those climbing the ladders. another line of holes was pierced two feet higher, through which those armed with muskets and bows were to fire, for when the enemy reached the foot of the walls their fire was so heavy that it was impossible to return it over the top of the parapet.
immediately the ladders were placed, men with ladles began to throw the boiling oil over the parapet. shrieks and yells from below at once testified to its effect, but it was only just where the cauldrons were placed that the besiegers were prevented by this means from mounting the ladders, and even here many, in spite of the agony of their burns, climbed desperately upward.
when they neared the top the fight began in earnest. those without were now obliged to cease firing, and the besieged were able to stand up and with sword and spear defend their position. the breech loaders of mr. goodenough and the houssas and frank's repeating carbine now came into play. the dahomans fought with extraordinary bravery, hundreds fell shot or cut down from above or pierced by the spears and arrows through the holes in the parapet. fresh swarms of assailants took their places on the ladders. the drums kept up a ceaseless rattle, and the yells of the mass of negroes standing inactive were deafening. their efforts, however, were in vain. never did the amazons fight with more reckless bravery; but the position was too strong for them, and at last, after upwards of a thousand of the assailants had fallen, the attack was given up, and the dahomans retired from the wall followed by the exulting shouts of the men of abeokuta.
the loss of the defenders was small. some ten or twelve had been killed with slugs. three or four times that number were more or less severely wounded about the head or shoulders with the same missiles. frank had a nasty cut on the cheek, and firewater and bacon were both streaming with blood.
there was no chance of a renewal of the attack that day. sentries were placed on the walls, and a grand thanksgiving service was held in the open space in the center of the town which the whole populace attended.
“what will be their next move, do you think?” frank asked mr. goodenough.
“i cannot say,” mr. goodenough said; “but these people know something of warfare, and finding that they cannot carry the place by assault, i think you will find that they will try some more cautious move next time.”
for two days there was no renewal of the attack. at mr. goodenough's suggestion the abeokutans on the wall shouted out that the dahomans might come and carry off their dead, as he feared that a pestilence might arise from so great a number of decomposing bodies at the foot of the wall. the dahomans paid no attention to the request, and, at mr. goodenough's suggestion, on the second day the whole populace set to work carrying earth in baskets to the top of the wall, and throwing this over so as to cover the mass of bodies at its foot. as to those lying farther off nothing could be done. on the third morning it was seen that during the night a large number of sacks had been piled in a line upon the ground, two hundred yards away from the wall. the pile was eight feet in height and some fifty yards long.
“i thought they were up to something,” mr. goodenough said. “they have been sending back to dahomey for sacks.”
in a short time the enemy brought up their cannon, behind the shelter of the sacks, regardless of the execution done by the rifles of mr. goodenough's party during the movement. the place chosen was two or three hundred yards to the left of that on which the former attack had been made. then a swarm of men set to work removing some of the sacks, and in a short time twelve rough embrasures were made just wide enough for the muzzles of the guns, the sacks removed being piled on the others, raising them to the height of ten feet and sheltering the men behind completely from the fire from the walls.
“they will make a breach now,” mr. goodenough said. “we must prepare to receive them inside.”
the populace were at once set to work digging holes and securely planting the beams already prepared in a semicircle a hundred feet across, behind the wall facing the battery. the beams when fixed projected eight feet above the ground, the spaces between being filled with bamboos twisted in and out between them. earth was thrown up behind to the height of four foot for the defenders to stand upon. the space between the stockade and the wall was filled with sharp pointed bamboos and stakes stuck firmly in the ground with their points projecting outwards. all day the townspeople labored at these defenses, while the wall crumbled fast under the fire of the dahomey artillery, every shot of which, at so short a distance, struck it heavily. by five in the afternoon a great gap, fifty feet wide, was made in the walls, and the army of dahomey again gathered for the assault. mr. goodenough with two of the houssas took his place on the wall on one side of the gap, frank with the other two faced him across the chasm. a large number of the abeokuta warriors also lined the walls, while the rest gathered on the stockade.
with the usual tumult of drumming and yells the dahomans rushed to the assault. the fire from the walls did not check the onset in the slightest, and with yells of anticipated victory they swarmed over the breach. a cry of astonishment broke from them as they saw the formidable defense within, the fire of whose defenders was concentrated upon them. then, with scarce a pause, they leaped down and strove to remove the obstructions. regardless of the fire poured upon them they hewed away at the sharp stakes, or strove to pull them up with their hands. the riflemen on the walls directed their fire now exclusively upon the leaders of the column, the breech loaders doing immense execution, and soon the dahomans in their efforts to advance had to climb over lines of dead in their front. for half an hour the struggle continued, and then the dahomans lost heart and retired, leaving fifteen hundred of their number piled deep in the space between the breach and the stockade.
“this is horrible work,” frank said when he rejoined mr. goodenough.
“horrible, frank; but there is at least the consolation that by this fearful slaughter of their bravest warriors we are crippling the power of dahomey as a curse and a scourge to its neighbors. after this crushing repulse the abeokutans may hope that many years will elapse before they are again attacked by their savage neighbors, and the lessons which they have now learned in defense will enable them to make as good a stand on another occasion as they have done now.”
“do you think the attack will be renewed?”
“i should hardly think so. the flower of their army must have fallen, and the amazon guard must have almost ceased to exist. i told you, frank, you would soon get over your repugnance to firing at women.”
“i did not think anything about women,” frank said. “we seemed to be fighting a body of demons with their wild screams and yells. indeed, i could scarce distinguish the men from the women.”
a strong guard was placed at night at the stockade, and mr. goodenough and frank lay down close at hand in case the assault should be renewed. at daybreak the sound of a cannon caused them to start to their feet.
“they are not satisfied yet,” mr. goodenough exclaimed, hurrying to the wall. in the night the dahomans had either with sacks or earth raised their cannon some six feet, so that they were able to fire over the mound caused by the fallen wall at the stockade behind it, at which they were now directing their fire.
“now for the sacks,” mr. goodenough said. running down, he directed the sacks laden with earth, to whose necks ropes had been attached, to be brought up. five hundred willing hands seized them, and they were lowered in front of the center of the stockade, which was alone exposed to the enemy's fire, until they hung two deep over the whole face. as fast as one bag was injured by a shot it was drawn up and another lowered to its place. in the meantime the rifles from the walls had again opened fire, and as the gunners were now more exposed their shots did considerable execution. seeing the uselessness of their efforts the dahomans gradually slackened their fire.
when night came mr. goodenough gathered two hundred of the best troops of abeokuta. he caused plugs to be made corresponding to the size of the various cannonballs which were picked up within the stockade, which varied from six to eighteen pounders.
about midnight the gate nearest to the breach was thrown open, and the party sallied out and made their way towards the enemy's battery. the dahomans had placed sentries in front facing the breach, but anticipating no attack in any other direction had left the flanks unguarded. mr. goodenough had enjoined the strictest silence on his followers, and their approach was unobserved until they swept round into the battery. large numbers of the enemy were lying asleep here, but these, taken by surprise, could offer no resistance, and were cut down or driven away instantly by the assailants.
mr. goodenough and frank, with a party who had been told off specially for the purpose, at once set to work at the cannon. these were filled nearly to the muzzle with powder, and the plugs were driven with mallets tight into the muzzles. slow matches, composed of strips of calico dipped in saltpetre, were placed in the touch holes. then the word was given, and the whole party fell back to the gate just as the dahomans in great numbers came running up. in less than a minute after leaving the battery twelve tremendous reports, following closely one upon another were heard. the cannon were blown into fragments, killing numbers of the dahomey men who had just crowded into the battery.
